Mountain Top University Library

Background: Dyslipidemia, characterized by abnormal lipid levels, is a common side effect of cyclophosphamide treatment. The ketogenic diet, which is high in fat, low in carbohydrates, and moderate in protein, has been shown to have various health benefits.
Methodology: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups of six animals each: control group (standard diet), CYC group (standard diet + 200mg/kg single dose of cyclophosphamide), KD group (ketogenic diet), and CYC+KD, BHB (beta-hydroxy butyrate 0.025mg/kg body weight), CYC+BHB. The treatment lasted for 5 weeks after which the animals were sacrificed and the
liver, kidney, prostate and testes tissues were collected for lipid profile analysis, then the samples were subjected to ANOVA statistical analysis.Results: The CYC group exhibited significantly elevated (p<0.05) levels of total cholesterol,triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), as well as significantly reduced levels (p<0.05) of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) compared with the control group.However, the rats in the ketogenic diet group showed a significant reversal of these lipid
abnormalities induced by cyclophosphamide. Notably, the ketogenic diet plus cyclophosphamide group demonstrated even more pronounced improvements in lipid levels, with a significant reduction in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, and an increase in HDL-C levels compared to the cyclophosphamide group. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that a ketogenic diet has a protective effect against cyclophosphamide-induced dyslipidemia in selective tissues of male Wistar rats. The diet effectively ameliorated the adverse lipid profile changes induced by cyclophosphamide and demonstrated potential as an adjunct therapy to alleviate dyslipidemia associated with cyclophosphamide treatment. KEYWORDS: Cyclophosphamide, Dyslipidemia, Ketogenic Diet, Male Wistar rats.