EFFECTS OF Phyllanthus amarus ETHANOL EXTRACT ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY PARAMETERS IN LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED INFLAMMATION RAT MODEL
- Dr. (Mrs.) O. O. AYODELE
- Ibafo Biological Science 2022
- xiii,; 48p.
Inflammation is a term used to describe the processes that cause tissue homeostasis to be disrupted as a result of acute or chronic stimuli such as infection, stress, autoimmune reactions, or mechanical injury. It is known as the immune system's reaction to harmful stimuli like infections, damaged cells or tissues, poisonous chemicals, or irradiation. Systemic inflammation occurs when the immune response is constantly defending the body. The rise in the side effects of orthodox anti-inflammatory drugs has become alarming and so the impact of ethanol extract of P. amarus on inflammation and liver function enzyme concentrations were investigated. Twenty male and ten female Wistar rats were used in this study. The rats were grouped into six groups of five rats each. Group I served as normal control and received 1 mL phosphate buffer saline. Group II served as positive control and received a standard drug Ibuprofen orally. Group III severed as negative control and received an intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 1 mg/kg) without pre-treatment to induce systemic inflammation. Groups IV and V received different doses of P. amarus ethanol-100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, while group VI received pure compound; n- hexadecenoic acid (100 mg/kg). Oral administration was done daily for 20 days, followed by LPS induction on day 21. The animals were sacrificed under chloroform anesthesia and blood was collected via ocular puncture for assessment of the immunological and biochemical parameters. The result showed a significant decrease in the immunological parameters (Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6) in serum and a decrease in the biochemical and liver function parameters (Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, urea, and creatinine) in the liver homogenate and serum of the pre-treated groups when compared to the normal control. The findings of this study revealed that P. amarus is a good plant that has an anti-inflammatory effect, down-regulating the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines. It also suggests that this plant has no toxic effect on tissues in the body and could thus be passed as a natural and novel anti-inflammatory agent.